Six main kinds of environments can be identified: forest, freshwater, secondary formations, grasslands, reforestation and man-made.
Forest Part
It is mainly composed of forests in an initial state of revival. Some parts are in a middle state of revival:
The initial-state forest only has one treestratum, whichdoes not exceed eight meters high and a trunk diameter of 20cm. Among the most common vegetal species: Rapaneaferruginea (myrsine), Sapiumglandulatum, Caseariasylvestris, Tremamicrantha, Cordylinedracaenoides, Solanumgranuloso, Schinusterebinthifolius and Zanthoxylumrhoifolium;
The middle-state forest also has only one tree stratum, whichdoes not exceed 12 meters high and a trunk diameter of 30cm. Among the most common vegetal species: Prunussellowii, Campomanesiaxanthocarpa, Ocoteapuberula, Mimosa scabrella and Aegiphilasellowiana;
In the undergrowth part (with the smallest plants) in addition to the tree species we can find: Trichiliacasareti and T. elegans (peas wood), Ilex paraguariensis (mate herb) and Piper spp;
In some places, we also can find some larger tree species, whichmight be either remnants or planted, such as: Araucaria angustifólia, Podocarpuslambertii, Inga sp, Cedrelafissilis (cedar), Ficussp (fig tree) e Ocoteaspp (cinnamon);
Freshwater Part
It corresponds to the parts that are influenced by the fresh water, including brooks and lakes. Among the most common vegetal species that we can find either in the water or in its surroundings: Nymphaea sp, Sagittariamontevidensis (sagittarius), Eichorniaspp, Typhaangustifolia (cattail).
Secondary Formations Part
It gathers places where the native vegetation has been removed by the human activities. Today they are in a state of regeneration and mainly composed of herbaceous species and shrubs with some larger woody species. Most of them are from the Asteraceae (Compositae), Solanaceae and Poaceae (grasses) families.
Grasslands Part
It consists in places meant to host the breeding of domestic animals. Most of the plants are herbaceous and shrubs from the Asteraceae (Compositae) and Poaceae (grasses) families. There are also some isolated tree species.
Reforestation Part
It consists in places for the monoculture of tree species such as Pinusspp (pine), Eucaliptusspp (eucalyptus) and Araucaria angustifolia.
Referências
LORENZI & SOUZA. Botânica Sistemática. 2ª Ed. Nova Odessa – SP; 2008. 704 p.
MAACK R. Geografia física do Estado do Paraná. 2ª Ed. Rio de Janeiro: José Olympio; 1981. 450 p.
MMA. A Floresta com Araucária no Paraná. 1ª Ed. Brasília – DF; 2004. 230 p.